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Welcome to the BioCompoTech!
Biotechnology is a technology that is based on medicine, food science, agriculture, and biology. The use of the modern term refers to cell and tissue culture as well as genetic engineering technologies. The concept, however, encompasses a history and a very wide range of procedures necessary for the for modification of living organisms in accordance to human purposes which goes back to the plant cultivation, animal domestication, and the improvements to these through breeding programs that employ hybridization and artificial selection. Bioengineering, in comparison to biotechnology, is generally thought of as a related field with its emphasis more on higher system and mechanical approaches to exploiting and interfacing with living things
Biotechnology draws on the pure biological sciences including cell biology, embryology, biochemistry, molecular biology, animal cell culture, microbiology, and genetics, and in many instances is also dependent on methods and knowledge from outside the sphere of biology such as biorobotics, information technology, bioprocess engineering, and chemical engineering. On the other hand, modern biological sciences, including such concepts as molecular ecology, are dependent on the methods developed through biotechnology and intimately entwined in what is commonly known as the life sciences industry.
Biotechnology is currently being used to adapt and engineer organisms, especially microorganisms in an effort to find sustainable ways to clean up environments which are contaminated. The elimination of a varied range of wastes and pollutants from the environment is a necessary requirement to promote the sustainable development of a low environment impact on our society. While biological processes now play a major role in the removal of contaminants, biotechnology is now making full use of the amazing catabolic versatility associated with microorganisms to convert/degrade these compounds. New breakthroughs in the methods associated with imaging, bioinformatics, proteomics, genomics, and sequencing are producing vast amounts of information.
Genome based global studies are opening a new era which is providing unprecedented views of regulatory and metabolic, as well as new clues associated with the evolution of the pathways of degradation and to the adaptation of molecular strategies associated with the changing of environmental conditions in the field of Environmental Microbiology. Functional metagenomic and genomic approaches are increasing our understanding of the relative importance of regulatory networks and different pathways to carbon flux for particular compounds in particular environments which will certainly accelerate the development of biotransformation processes and bioremediation processes.
Since oil spills of the open sea and coastal regions are so difficult to contain and mitigation is so difficult, marine environments are especially vulnerable. Millions of tons of petroleum enter the marine environment every year from natural seepages, in addition to pollution through human activities. A considerable amount of the petroleum oil that is entering marine systems is now being eliminated through the use of the degrading activities of the hydrocarbon in the microbial communities, in spite of its toxicity. This has become possible by a remarkable recently discovered group of specialists called hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCCB). /P>
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